Security and Organized Crime

The historical process of combating violence, crime prevention, control and minimization of risk is as old as man's evolutionary process. In this context, studies in developed countries, military and civilians tried to reach the state of the art necessary for the fight against violence can be efficient and therefore achieve tolerable levels for the welfare of the community. At the international level since the 1960's saw the emergence of various initiatives to combat rising violence and the consequences of this situation. Among the several attempts, it was observed that the solution is to increase police and community interaction, does not focus on all the respect of society. Then comes the idea of ​​a police connected directly to the needs of stakeholders, seeking greater integration and recognition of the citizen who lives in an area of ​​social risk, should be viewed with respect. Community policing was born then. As technological innovations, operational base of economic globalization is followed quickly by criminal organizations. How the mafia held its own "globalization" in which a labor migration is preferred, sometimes clandestine, possibly working conditions analogous to slavery.

Two phenomena have contributed decisively to a "new world order of organized crime," the unification of the European Community (EC), which is embodied in the decade of 1990 (now called the European Union - EU), and the end of Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). The end of the borders, in countries that joined the EU, and an utter lack of political and military control over the vast territory of the former Soviet Union has opened a corridor from the Baltic to the Pacific to the elimination of products of organizations like the Sicilian Mafia (Cosa Nostra), the Russian Mafia and Chinese Triads, the Yakuza (Japanese) and the Colombian cartel.

This movement, the world, involving the agreements and understandings, taking into account a "support bank" and prepared by the 'tax havens', and prospered in the financial markets a brand of three circumstances: a) The drop in profitability of traditional products; b) The excess dollars from the existence of payments deficit and domestic debt increased by U.S. at least 50 years, the same as the dollar took over the global currency status. c) The process of privatization of the economy of the former Soviet Union in the 1990s under President Boris Yeltsin, who, like the Russian mafia began to dominate 70% of the financial system of the Russian Federation, as ZIEGLER data (2001). Keep liquid capital available and, like the Russian mafia opened a "door" very relevant in the global financial system. A global business of organized crime in its less scandalous, occurred in successive operations, balance sheets and accounts of fraud. Two others also noted the phenomenon: the deployment of a system of e-commerce transactions on the Internet and the privatization of international postal services - in which the main FedEx is a company based in the U.S..

In this context there are other macro-elements to be considered: the question of patents and control of biodiversity - the battle scenes of international diplomacy to the ends of the Amazon. The shadow of the state, officials criminals operate a policy of "biopiracy" strongly linked to organized crime circles. From a geopolitical standpoint, Miami and Los ANGELES (USA) appear as "capital" of organized crime strategy for Latin America, Europe,? Africa and Asia, especially in the two major issues: traffic drugs and weapons. Not by chance, and the data are from the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the United States do not appear as leader of the classification "washing machine". And Jean François Thony, Legal Director of the International Monetary Fund says: "Among the countries that are over U.S. money laundering, where they give 50% of all financial transactions they arise from drug trafficking , terrorism, kidnapping, smuggling, corruption and other illegal activities. (Economic Value, 30/04/2004) The different connections and global networks, operating with the support of ultrasound technology to escape, but for the moment, the scope of the notices of Financial Intelligence Units (FIU - FIU), which act globally articulated none called Egmont Group.

In its latest report, the Panel notes: the delay in investigations of money laundering means that there were some adjustments involving new technologies or techniques - such as washing over the Internet, smart cards (smart cards) or transactions online banking. We anticipate that, over the years, more and more cases related to these technologies come to the knowledge of the forces of repression against crime (COAF, ed., 2001, p. 13). The available literature on organized crime is only now beginning to meet the cases of money laundering "dirty" programs based on high technology. As money grows in volume of electronic transactions in the real economy, but networks of organized crime and approved by the vast network of virtual money. Precisely in the size that there are difficulties in identifying the "dirty capital obtained by selling drugs and weapons, for example, that are" washed "to date and receive the blessings the market, invading the central countries' economies of capitalism, and so-called emerging countries, without being bothered by anyone.